THE MARITIME ATLASThe Shag Harbour Incident Data method

DATA METHOD

The Shag Harbour Incident

How the map, the clock and the record on this page were made, what each can and cannot show, and where every fact comes from.

Snapshot: 13 October 2026. Nothing on the page comes from a database. Every moment, point and source sits in a small data file beside it (data/), checked by a script (tools/build-data.mjs) that fails if a moment has no source or a point has no basis. The research notes behind it number 88 claims; each moment carries the numbers of the claims it rests on.

Three kinds of record

The page's one rule is to keep apart what was written down in 1967 and what was told afterwards. Each of the 32 moments in data/events.v1.json is one of three kinds.

  • A paper of 1967, read (a solid amber dot; 19 moments). Eight were read for this page.
    • The Rescue Co-ordination Centre in Halifax, priority telex RCC 076 to Canadian Forces Headquarters, 10:20 am on 5 October 1967: the first official report, with the RCMP corporal's account and a position.
    • Canadian Forces Headquarters, memorandum "UFO Report, Lower Wood Harbour NS", signed by Col. W.W. Turner, Director Operations, 6 October 1967. A second memo by him, of 25 October, gives the same account.
    • Six messages between headquarters, Maritime Command and Canadian Forces Base Shearwater, 5 to 8 October 1967, which ordered the diving search and ended it.
    • A clipping of the Chronicle-Herald of 7 October 1967 kept in the Armed Forces press index.
    • Canadian Forces Headquarters, "CDS Briefing on Unidentified Flying Objects", 15 November 1967.
    • Canadian Forces Headquarters, letters of 19 December 1967 to the universities of Toronto and Colorado.
    • Case 34 of the University of Colorado's Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects (the Condon Committee): notes of telephone interviews made in October 1967 with a watch officer at Maritime Command and a corporal of the RCMP, printed in 1969. The page read prints no year.
    • One RCMP report, 67-400-23-X of 7 October 1967, on the sighting at sea off Sambro.
    The first six are in two National Research Council files at Library and Archives Canada (RG 77, vol. 310, file UAR/N/116-125, item 120; and vol. 311, file UAR/N/215-225). The archive files the sighting under Barrington Passage, not under Shag Harbour.
  • A paper of 1967, not read (a half dot; 4 moments). The Chronicle-Herald of 6 and 9 October 1967, a letter from Mahone Bay, and the National Research Council's file on an airline crew's report are known here from later descriptions, and the page says so each time.
  • Told later (a hollow grey-blue dot; 9 moments). Memories, books, press and the village's own account, from 2001 to 2026.

"One source" marks a moment that rests on one account, or on several that copy one another. Several later sources draw on the same two books (Don Ledger, 1998; Chris Styles and Don Ledger, 2001), so their agreement is not counted as two sources.

None of the papers of 1967 is a witness's own statement on Shag Harbour. The telex is a rescue centre passing on what an RCMP corporal reported. The memo, the briefing and the letters are staff officers in Ottawa summing that up. The Colorado notes are an officer telling a researcher by telephone what the reports said. The RCMP's own report, which headquarters attached to its December letters as "Annex D", is not in the files. Where the papers disagree, the page shows both and does not choose.

Quotations are no longer than a sentence, and most are a phrase. Facts from news articles and Wikipedia are used as facts, in the page's own words. The newspaper clipping is a small scan; it is used for facts and a few short phrases that could be read with certainty.

The clock

The clock runs 60 seconds, from 7 pm on 4 October 1967 to 2026, and it is not even. The evening before 11 pm takes a tenth of it; the hour after 11 pm takes about a quarter; the rest of that week takes a fifth; the years since 2000 take the last quarter. The tick marks under the slider show the real times.

The time of the sighting. The telex's first line reads "A 050210Z OCT 67": 0210 on 5 October by Greenwich time, which the military used for messages. Nova Scotia was on daylight time, three hours behind, so that is 11:10 pm on 4 October. (One of the messages gives a local time with the zone letter P, which is three hours behind Greenwich.) Col. Turner's memo of the next day says "2345 hours local", 11:45 pm. Later accounts have about 11 pm and about 11:20 pm. The clock uses 11:10.

The minutes after it are built, not read. The Colorado notes give intervals: the police about 15 minutes after the report, the light about five minutes more, a rowboat ten minutes after that. The Herald has the police there "within 20 minutes". The clock puts the call at 11:20 pm, as later accounts do, and adds those intervals: 11:35, 11:40, 11:50.

The days after it are the messages' own times, converted from Greenwich time: 9:15 am and 10:20 am on 5 October, 6:20 pm and 7:50 pm that evening, 7:30 pm on the 7th, 6:30 pm on the 8th.

The captain's times at sea, about 9 pm and about 11 pm, are his own, from his statement. The moment "that evening" at Mahone Bay has no hour in its source; it sits between 10 and 11 pm on the clock only to give it a place.

The map

The projection is the atlas's: a spherical Lambert conformal conic with standard parallels at 44° and 46° N, central meridian 63° W and origin 45° N, so that shapes match the other pages. North is up to within about two degrees at Shag Harbour.

The shoreline is today's, from Statistics Canada's 2021 Census Cartographic Boundary Files (Open Government Licence – Canada), in three levels of detail that replace one another as the map moves in: the province (the atlas's own copy, simplified to about 0.003°), the south-west shore from Yarmouth to Shelburne (asked from the service at 0.0004° and simplified to 0.0003°, about 30 m), and the harbour (0.0001°, simplified to 0.00004°, about 10 m). It is generalized for a screen. It is not the shore of 1967 and it is not a chart.

The four views (the province, the shore, the harbour, the water) are windows chosen for the story. They are not positions of anything.

Recorded, placed, representative

Every point on the map is in data/places.v1.json with one of three statuses.

  • Recorded: the province's official name point for the place (Nova Scotia Geographic Names, GeoNAMES); for the museum, the civic address point for 5615 Highway 3; and, for the light, the position printed in a paper of 1967. A name point marks a community, not a building. The RCMP detachment's building of 1967 at Barrington Passage was not located, nor was the phone booth, nor the spot on the road where the five were.
  • The last sighting of the light is recorded: the telex of 5 October 1967 says "POSITION OF LAST SIGHTING 4330.5N 6545W", outside Lower Woods Harbour. That is 43°30.5′ north, 65°45′ west. It is given to the half minute of latitude and the minute of longitude, so the true spot lies somewhere in a box about 0.9 km north to south and 1.3 km east to west; the map draws that box, dashed. On today's shoreline the printed position is in the water, 1.0 km from the mainland and 0.8 km from the nearest island. The Navy's order to its divers says the object was about 300 yards off shore, and the Colorado notes say 200 to 300 yd, between an island and the mainland; a point 300 yards off the mainland lies just outside the box's east side. The constable told the Herald about a half mile. The page does not move the mark to fit any of these. The mark is about 3 km north-west of the Shag Harbour name point.
  • Placed (a dashed ring): worked out from a printed distance and a named feature. The fishing boat is placed 32 nautical miles due south of the name point for Sambro Island, because the captain's statement says "32 miles south of the Sambro Light". The object is placed 16 nautical miles north-east of the boat, from "approximately 16 miles north east of us". The statement does not name its mile; a ship's radar reads nautical miles, so the page takes the nautical mile, 1.852 km. The dotted circle round the object is 6 nautical miles: three more objects were "about 6 miles from the first", in no stated direction.
  • Representative: the boats, the foam and the divers' area. The papers give a rowboat, a Coast Guard lifeboat, six to eight fishing boats and a wide patch of foam; they give no positions for them. The boats are icons, far larger than life. The foam patches are drawn to the map's scale, along a line chosen for the drawing. The strip of foam told from 2008 is drawn to scale too, 24 m by 805 m, along the same line: no account gives a direction. The divers' area is drawn to scale, half a mile by a mile and a half, centred on the last sighting with its long side north to south; the message gives its size and not where it lay. The mile is taken as the nautical mile, as for all distances at sea here.

Distances

These are straight lines between the points above, worked out on a sphere. No source prints them.

The last sighting to the Shag Harbour name point3.0 km (1.9 miles)
The last sighting to the Lower Woods Harbour name point2.0 km (1.2 miles)
The last sighting to the mainland shore1.0 km (0.6 miles)
The edge of the last sighting's half-minute box to the mainland shore306 yd (280 m)
The last sighting to the nearest place that fits the Herald's half mile due south of the carat least 1.9 km (1.2 miles)
Shag Harbour to Government Point41.4 km (25.7 miles)
The last sighting to Government Point43.1 km (26.8 miles)
Shag Harbour to Barrington Passage9.5 km (5.9 miles)
Shag Harbour to Baccaro19.8 km (12.3 miles)
Shag Harbour to Sambro Island109 nautical miles (202 km)
Shag Harbour to the boat, as placed97 nautical miles (180 km)
Shag Harbour to the object, as placed111 nautical miles (206 km)

Two places in the papers of 1967. The telex gives the last sighting to the half minute; the nearest edge of that box is 306 yd (280 m) from today's mainland shore, close to the Navy's "approx 300 yards off shore". The Herald gives the first caller's own place: the contact was "an estimated one-half mile from them offshore and due south" of the car, at Shag Harbour. To see where that can fall, every metre of today's Highway 3 was tried as the car's place: the spot half a mile (804.7 m) due south was kept where it is in the water and 200 to 300 yd (183 to 274 m) off the mainland shore, as the Navy's orders and the Colorado notes have it. Three stretches of the road fit, off Shag Harbour and Lower Shag Harbour; the nearest of their spots is 1.9 km (1.2 miles) from the telex position, and the others about 3 km and 4.4 km. It assumes the car was on today's line of the road, and the shore is today's. No paper of 1967 says the light moved from one place to the other; the constable said the tide was carrying it out to sea.

Where a source gives miles on land, the page converts the statute mile (1.609 km). Where it gives miles at sea without naming them, the nautical mile.

The two figures

The figures under "How the story grew" are drawn by a script from data/growth.v1.json. The foam: the Colorado notes' width, 30 to 40 yd (27.4 to 36.6 m), as three circles, beside a strip 80 ft by half a mile (24.4 m by 805 m), on one scale of metres. The Herald's "at least 80 feet wide" is about the same width as the smaller circle. Three patches are drawn because "patches" is plural; no paper gives a count or a length. The light: the Colorado notes' 15 minutes and 5 minutes, beside "nearly an hour", on one scale of minutes from the call. The first report says only that the light stayed "for long time", which cannot be drawn; the figure's caption says so.

Pictures

  • The RCMP report is a scan of a microfilm copy held by Library and Archives Canada, published on Wikimedia Commons with a public-domain label. It prints a private person's birth date and home community. Three solid bars cover them on this page (a blur of typed text can be read back; a bar cannot). The picture is otherwise only resized.
  • Three photographs of the village (2017 and 2020) are from Wikimedia Commons under CC BY-SA 4.0, the share-alike licence. No public-domain or CC BY photograph of the place was found. They are resized and nothing else, and they stay under that licence.
  • The 1967 book page is the Shag Harbour entry on page 616 of Place-Names and Places of Nova Scotia, printed by the Public Archives of Nova Scotia in 1967, from the Nova Scotia Archives' website. It is cropped to the entry. It is shown with a credit to the Archives; a provincial publication of 1967 is more than fifty years old. Its wording is that of 1967. The page uses one figure from it: the 1956 population.
  • The papers from Library and Archives Canada are quoted, not pictured. The archive's copies come with a notice that they are for research or private study.
  • Not shown: the coin (the design belongs to the Royal Canadian Mint); press photographs of the witnesses (the Canadian Press); the CBC's film of the 1967 search; the museum's own pictures. No photograph of the lights or of any object exists in any source read.

Each picture has a file beside it (photos/*.json) with its source, licence, credit and what was changed.

Where the record disagrees

  • Whether it entered the water. "BRIGHT FLASH ON HITTING WATER" (the telex of 5 October); "a bright flash on impact" (the memo of 6 October); "a bright splash" (the memo of 25 October and the briefing of 15 November). Against these: "Apparently no one actually saw anything enter the water" (the RCMP corporal's account in the Colorado notes), although the same notes' abstract says an object "glided with a whistling noise into the sea" and a Navy officer read out a report that it was seen to explode on impact. In the Herald, one of the five heard nothing when the lights "made contact".
  • The object. "Dark object, in excess of 60 ft" (the telex); "in excess of 60 feet in diameter" (the memo of 6 October); "approximately 60 feet in length" (the memo of 25 October). The Colorado notes have lights only, the size of a fair-sized aircraft. No paper gives a shape.
  • The lights. Four, white, 15 ft apart (the telex, the memo, the briefing). Three or four, yellow (the first witnesses, in the Colorado notes); three (two women on the island and a man two miles away, who saw them red-orange). Four in a row, yellow and white, going on and off in order (the Herald). A first light near Bear Point was "reddish orange" (the Herald).
  • The witnesses. A corporal "and six other witnesses" (the telex, the memos, the briefing). Five young people, 15 to 20, or two teenagers (the Colorado notes). At least a dozen (the Herald). The Herald prints the caller as "Laurie Wiggins, 19"; he was Laurie Wickens, and 17 by later accounts.
  • The time. 0210 Greenwich time, 11:10 pm (the telex). "2345 hours local" (the memo). About 11 pm (the Herald; the Canadian Press, 2017). About 11:20 pm (The Coast, 2008; Wikipedia).
  • The date and the place name. 4 October by the local clock; 5 October in papers that follow the Greenwich date. "Outside Lower Woods Harbour" (the telex); "Lower Wood Harbour" (the memos); "Barrington Passage", after the RCMP detachment (the briefing, the letters and the archive's index); "Shag Harbor" (the Herald).
  • How far off shore. About 300 yards (Maritime Command's order); 200 to 300 yd (the Colorado notes); about a half mile (Constable O'Brien and one of the five, in the Herald). The printed position is 1.0 km from today's mainland shore, and is given only to the half minute.
  • How long the light lasted. "In excess of five minutes" and "for long time" (the telex); "approximately five minutes" from first sight to sinking, yet "for considerable time" on the surface (the memo); about five minutes after the police came (the Colorado notes). Nearly an hour (2016, 2019).
  • The foam. Patches 30 to 40 yd wide (the Colorado notes); a large patch, "at least 80 feet wide", yellowish (the Herald). Half a mile long (from 2008). Orange in one later account.
  • The boats. Coast Guard lifeboat 101 and many small boats (the telex); lifeboat 101 from Clark's Harbour and eight local fishing vessels (the Herald); a rowboat with two officers, a Coast Guard boat and six fishing boats (the Colorado notes); two fishing boats taken over by the police (a later account). The papers call 101 a lifeboat in one line and a cutter in the next.
  • The divers. A diving officer and three men ordered on 5 October, three more flown in on the 7th (the messages); a four-man team and three more, "all seven" (the Herald). They are the Navy's in every paper of 1967; one later magazine article has Coast Guard divers. The Herald has them from HMCS Granby, which is an addressee of the messages.
  • When the search ended. 2130 Greenwich time on 8 October, 6:30 pm (Maritime Command). 9 October (the Chronicle-Herald's report, as later described). "Five days later" (the Colorado notes). 3 am the first night, for the boats (one later source).
  • The captain's object. 16 miles north-east of his boat, and 16 miles south-east of Sambro: two spots about 9 nautical miles apart. The Colorado notes have his boat "about 16 mi. from the site of the earlier reports" and his objects about 175 nautical miles from "the original site"; the two do not fit each other. Placed from his statement, the object is about 111 nautical miles from Shag Harbour.
  • Government Point. About 25 miles, about 25 kilometres or about 50 kilometres from Shag Harbour, by account; 41.4 km in a straight line. The station's purpose was made public in 1991 (Wikipedia) or the 1980s (the Canadian Press).
  • How many reports there were in 1967. Headquarters' two letters count 190 reports to 30 November and 193 to mid November; the briefing's figure is corrected by hand to 167 to the end of December; a later book counts 169. The page says "about 190".
  • The Society. Formed in 2006 (its own page) or 2007 (CBC News). The permanent museum opened in 2008 or 2009 (two of its own pages).
  • Spellings. Wercicky in the papers of 1967; Werbicki, Werbieki and Werbiski later. Pound, Pond. Shag Harbour, Shag Harbor. Clark's Harbour, Clarke's Harbor. The page uses today's place names and, for the corporal, says which spelling is whose.

What was not read

  • The RCMP's own report. Headquarters' letters attach it as "Annex D". It is not in the two files that were read, and the archive's index was searched only as far as its site allowed. The archive's search pages refuse scripts; Joel Hirtle fetched the two files by hand on 10 October 2026. They are filed under Barrington Passage.
  • The other newspapers. The Chronicle-Herald of 6 and 9 October 1967 and the Canadian Press wire copy are described from later articles.
  • The National Research Council's file on the airline crew's report (N67-403), cited by later writers.
  • A handwritten note on the telex. Two lines in pen, partly struck through, seem to mention a radar contact and to ask whether it could be a meteorite. They could not be read with certainty and are not used.
  • The sceptical account (Skeptoid, episode 565, 2017) and two magazine articles could not be opened. Nothing here rests on them.
  • Left off the map because nothing of 1967 stands behind them in what was read: lights seen near Weymouth and at Wedgeport, and an airline crew over the Gulf of Maine who, by a later account, never reported what they saw.

Every source

The list is written by the build script from data/sources.v1.json, so it cannot drift from the page.

1967 RECORDS READ FOR THIS PAGE

LATER ACCOUNTS

THE MAP

PICTURES